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مقاله

We spend about a third of our lives asleep. For a long time, scientists weren't sure why. Today, research shows that sleep is not simply rest — it is one of the busiest times for the brain.

While we sleep, the brain sorts through the information we collected during the day. It decides what to keep and what to throw away, and stores important memories. This is why students who sleep well after studying usually remember more than those who stay up all night.

Sleep also cleans the brain. During deep sleep, fluid flows through the brain and washes away waste products that build up while we're awake. Some researchers believe that poor sleep over many years may increase the risk of memory problems later in life.

The effects of too little sleep appear quickly. After just one bad night, people find it harder to concentrate, make more mistakes and feel more irritable. Long-term lack of sleep is linked to weight gain, heart disease and a weaker immune system.

So how can we sleep better? Experts recommend going to bed and getting up at the same time every day, even at weekends. Avoid caffeine in the afternoon, keep your bedroom dark and cool, and put your phone away at least an hour before bed. The blue light from screens tells the brain it's still daytime.

کلمه‌های کمکی

sort through (مرتب و دسته‌بندی کردن)، stay up all night (تا صبح بیدار ماندن)، fluid (مایع)، waste products (مواد زائد)، concentrate (تمرکز کردن)، irritable (زودرنج، بداخلاق)، immune system (سیستم ایمنی).

سؤال‌ها

1. According to the article, is sleep just rest?
2. What does the brain do with the day's information while we sleep?
3. Why do students who sleep well often remember more?
4. What happens during deep sleep?
5. Name two short-term effects of one bad night.
6. Why should you avoid your phone before bed?

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